🟢 What is a Transformer?
A transformer ek electrical device hota hai jo AC (alternating current) voltage ko increase ya decrease karta hai.
💡 Types:
- Step-Up Transformer: Voltage badhata hai
- Step-Down Transformer: Voltage kam karta hai
🧪 Principle – Magic Behind Transformer
Transformer mutual induction pe kaam karta hai. Matlab:
Jab ek coil ka magnetic flux change hota hai, toh uske paas wali coil mein EMF (voltage) induce ho jata hai.
🏗️ Construction – Iska Internal Design
- Iron core: Soft laminated sheets se bana hota hai.
- Two coils:
- Primary Coil (P₁, P₂)
- Secondary Coil (S₁, S₂)
👉 Dono coils ek hi iron core pe wound hoti hain but alag-alag insulate hoti hain.
- Input Side (AC source) → Primary coil
- Output Side (Load resistance R) → Secondary coil
⚙️ Working – Kaise Kaam Karta Hai Transformer
- Jab AC current primary coil mein jata hai, toh alternating magnetic flux produce hota hai.
- Ye flux iron core ke through secondary coil tak pahuchta hai.
- Waha EMF generate hoti hai — thanks to Faraday’s Law.
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