Hello Students, today we will learn about
- Electric field
- Electric field intensity
- Electric Field due to a Point Charge
- Electric field due to multiple charges & Superposition Principle. So lets start…
What is Electric field ?
Electric field : The space around an electric charge where its influence can be felt by another charge is called electric field.
👉 Electric field is a vector quantity. Its direction is the same as the force experienced by a positive test charge.
👉 Electric field due to a positive charge is always away from it while due to a negative charge it is always towards it.
Electric field intensity: Electric field intensity at a point is defined as the force experienced by a unit positive test charge placed at that point.
The formula of electric field is given as E = F /q
Where, E is the electric field, F is a force and q is the test charge.
Electric Field due to a Point Charge
Consider a point charge Q placed at point O as shown in figure. Let us find the electric field E Due to the charge Q at a point P at a distance r.
First of all imagine a positive test charge q at P. The charge Q produces an electric field E at point P. The force applied by Q on q is given by
🔴 The SI unit of electric field is N/C. It can also be expressed in volt per meter (V/m). The dimensions for E is [MLT-3A-1].
🔴 Electric field inside the cavity of a charged conductor is zero.
🔴 If a charged/uncharged conductor is placed in external field, the electric field inside the conductor is zero.
🔴 A uniform electric field is that in which at every point, the intensity of the electric field E is the same both in magnitude and direction.
🔴 A non-uniform electric field is that in which the intensity of electric field E changes from point to point either in magnitude or in direction or in both.
Electric field due to multiple charges & Superposition Principle
Electric field obeys the superposition principle i.e., the electric field intensity due to a system of charges is the vector sum of the electric field intensities due to the individual charges at any given point.
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✅Sharpen Your Pencil ✍️
Q. 1 Find the electric field strength due to a point charge of 5µC at a distance of 80 cm from the charge.
Q. 2 The electric field due to an infinitely long straight uniformly charged wire at a distance r is directly proportional to
(a) r (b) r2 (c)1/r (d) 1/r2
🔻Comment the Answer💬
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