Hello students in this session we will learn about the electric field due to an electric dipole on its axial and equatorial line and also learn some important points about the dipole. So lets start…
What is Dipole field ?
The electric field produced by an electric dipole is called a dipole field. The total charge of the electric dipole is zero but dipole field is not zero.
👉 It can be found using Coulomb’s law and the superposition principle.
👉 We will find the electric field of an electric dipole at two points, on the axial line and equatorial line.
1. Electric field at an axial point of an electric dipole
Let us find the electric field at the point P at a distance r from the center of the dipole on the axial line of the dipole.
👉 Note: The electric field due to a short dipole at large distance r (r > > 2a) is proportional to 1/r3.
2. Electric field at an equatorial point of an electric dipole
Let us find the electric field at the point P at a distance r from the center of the dipole on the equatorial line of the dipole.
So the magnitudes of electric fields due to the two charges q and -q is given as
from the diagram we can see that the components of electric field normal to the dipole axis cancel each other. The components of electric field along the dipole axis add up. So, we have
👉Here the total electric field E at point P is opposite to the direction of electric dipole moment (p).
👉 Note: The electric field due to a short dipole at large distance r (r > > 2a) is proportional to 1/r3.
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✅Sharpen Your Pencil ✍️
Q. Charges ± 20 nC are separated by 5 mm. Calculate the magnitude and direction of dipole moment.
Q. If Ea be the electric field strength of a short dipole at a point on its axial line and Ee that on the equatorial line at the same distance, then
(a) Ee = 2Ea
(b) Ea = 2Ee
(c) Ea = Ee
(d) None of the above
🔻Comment the Answer💬
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