Today we will learn about four important properties of electric charges; additivity of electric charge, quantization of electric charge, conservation of electric charge and invariance of electric charge. So lets start
1. Charge is additive: Remember that charge is a scalar quantity.
So that, the total charge on a body is equal to algebraic sum of positive and negative charges on it.
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2. Charge is quantized: Charge is always transferred as an integral multiple of charge of an electron i.e. Q = ne. Here n is an integer and e is charge of electron e =1.6×10-19 C.
If a body is to be charged positively by 1 coulomb then 6.25 x 10-18 electrons must be removed from it.
3. Charge is conserved: The total charge in an isolated system remains constant. Electric charge can neither be created nor destroyed. This is known as law of conservation of charge.
4. Charge is invariant: Charge on a body does not change due to its motion. Whether the charged body is at rest or in motion, the charge on it will be same.
✅Sharpen Your Pencil ✍️
Q. When a piece of polythene is rubbed with wool, a charge of – 2 × 10-7 C is developed on polythene. What is the amount of mass, which is transferred to the polythene.
Q. In a neutral sphere, 5× 1021 electrons are present. If 10 percent electrons are removed, then calculate the charge on the sphere.
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